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WELCOME

Welcome to the Ecological Society of America's online education resource portal! ESA's EcoEd Digital Library (EcoEdDL) is a forum for scientists and educators to locate and contribute peer reviewed resources for 21st century undergraduate ecology education. Resources are available based on the Creative Commons Non-Commercial Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. EcoEdDL strives to foster a community of ecology education users and contributors. Need Help or More Info? Contact EcoEdDL@esa.org.

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New Resources
View Resource Issues in Ecology, Issue 15: Excess Nitrogen in the U.S. Environment: Trends, Risks, and Solutions

It is not surprising that humans have profoundly altered the global nitrogen (N) cycle in an effort to feed 7 billion people, because nitrogen is an essential plant and animal nutrient. Food and energy production from agriculture, combined with industrial and energy sources, have more than doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen circulating annually on land. Humanity has disrupted the nitrogen...

 

Publisher: EcoEd Digital Library

View Resource Effects of frost on wildflowers: an unexpected consequence of climate change--image 17 of 22

The glacier lily (Erythronium grandiflorum) is one of the earliest wildflowers to bloom after snowmelt in the Rocky Mountains. Its ovaries and seeds are sensitive to late-season frosts. But because the species is a perennial, it can survive occasional years of reproductive failure by blooming the following year. By avoiding the cost of producing the relatively large fruit and seeds in one year,...

 

Publisher: EcoEd Digital Library

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http://www.amjbot.org/content/97/9/1431.full
View Resource Effects of frost on wildflowers: an unexpected consequence of climate change--image 19 of 22

Example of a frost-killed ovary (on left) and a normally developing fruit (on right) of Erythonium grandiflorum, the glacier lily. The two plants were selected to show the difference, and weren't growing next to each other.

 

Publisher: EcoEd Digital Library

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View Resource Effects of frost on wildflowers: an unexpected consequence of climate change--image 18 of 22

A queen bumble bee (Bombus bifarius) foraging for nectar on a flower of Erythronium grandiflorum (glacier lily). This flower has frost-sensitive ovaries. Bumble bee queens and hummingbirds are common pollinators of Erythronium grandiflorum flowers.

 

Publisher: EcoEd Digital Library

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View Resource Effects of frost on wildflowers: an unexpected consequence of climate change--image 16 of 22

Buds of Delphinium barbeyi (tall larkspur, Ranunculaceae) killed by a late season frost. In those years, the larkspur suffers reproductive failure, affecting animal species that rely on them for food.

 

Publisher: EcoEd Digital Library

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